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Why is he seeing things that are not there?

Page last reviewed: July 2026

Seeing things that are not there is common in delirium. To the person, what they see feels completely real.

Delirium affects how the brain makes sense of what comes in through the eyes and ears. Real things get built into a wrong picture. A dressing gown on a door becomes a person watching. A drip line becomes something holding them down.

Some people also believe things that are not true. For example, that staff mean them harm, or that they have to leave for work. These are symptoms, in the same way a rash or a fever is a symptom.

What helps

Arguing does not help. You cannot reason someone out of a hallucination, because to them it is really there.

Respond to how they are feeling rather than trying to correct what they are saying. You can say something like: “I believe this feels real. You are safe. I am here.” Then offer something ordinary and true: who you are, where they are, that the doctors are looking after them. If they say something odd but are not distressed, you do not need to correct it at all.

Tell the staff

Tell the staff what the person is seeing, especially if it frightens them. Distress can be treated, and its causes can be looked for.

If the hallucinations have just started

If someone was thinking clearly yesterday and is seeing things today, that is new confusion. Get medical help the same day, and ask: could it be delirium?

As the delirium clears

Hallucinations usually fade as the delirium clears. Many people remember little about them. Some remember them clearly and need to talk about it. There is more about whether they will remember it.

When to get help

New confusion that has come on over hours or days needs medical advice the same day. Phone the GP practice, or 111 when it is closed. Phone 999 if the person cannot be woken, has collapsed, or has new weakness or new trouble speaking. When you speak to someone, say what has changed. Then ask: could it be delirium?

This page is general information, not advice about an individual. Written by Professor Alasdair MacLullich, Professor of Geriatric Medicine, University of Edinburgh. Reviewed July 2026.

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Support helplines in the UK: Dementia UK 0800 888 6678 · Alzheimer’s Society 0333 150 3456 · Age UK 0800 678 1602 · Carers UK 0808 808 7777. The 0800 and 0808 numbers are free to call; the 0333 number is charged at the standard rate. Outside the UK, contact an equivalent dementia, older people’s or carers’ organisation in your country. These helplines are not emergency services.

Delirium Support is an independent educational website. It is not an official NHS or University of Edinburgh site, and neither organisation is responsible for its content. It gives general information about delirium for education. It is not medical advice about an individual, and it is not a substitute for the clinicians looking after your relative. New sudden confusion needs medical assessment now. Contact the urgent or emergency medical service where the person is. In England, call 999 or go to A&E. In Scotland, contact the GP urgently if open; otherwise phone NHS 24 on 111. Outside the UK, follow local health-service guidance. If the person is hard to wake, struggling to breathe, has signs of a stroke, has a seizure or head injury, or is deteriorating rapidly, call the local emergency number immediately (999 in the UK). Do not wait to see if it settles.

© 2026 Alasdair MacLullich · Content licensed under CC BY 4.0 · Delirium or dementia? · Raising concerns · Downloads · For staff · Resources · About · Editorial policy · Accessibility · Privacy · Cookie settings · Contact · Pages last reviewed July 2026.